The concrete could have been made out of using dirty sand, also, it could be the result of inadequate mixing, especially with the small capacity mixer, or too much mixing water that tends to wash out the cement and form honeycombs (loose aggregates with a little or no cement bond).
I suspect your floor has many such defects. You may try to detect the defective spots by knocking the slab with a metal rod. The quality hardened concrete will respond with a crispy banging sound, while the problematic location will respond with a muffled sound.
Depends on the quantity of the problemed concrete, you can fix a small number of bad spots by digging up the defective concrete and enlarging the hole by chipping until reaching the sound concrete, then refill clean gravel to level with the original bottom of the slab, give it a slight tamping, then place well-mixed concrete. However, for more than just a few bad spots, hiring a reputable contractor may be a better choice.