How is the toilet tank itself refilled?

Question

We learned here:

• Purpose of Fill Valve Tube Going into Overflow Drain

...that the fill valve sends water directly into the overflow drain...and that fills the bowl.

However, how does the tank (directly or indirectly) get filled?

Answer 1

In that particular type of fill valve, the water comes out of the two areas highlighted in yellow in the picture:

1. The fill tube clipped to the overflow tube.
2. The bottom of the vertical tube that the fill valve sits on.

Answer 2

By the valve operated by the float.

As the water rises in the tank the float floats and at a certain height that closes the valve which stops filling the tank as it is ready for the next flush.