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Just because it's a 125 amp panel doesn't mean you need to feed it with 125 amps. I have a 200 amp panel in my shop that's feed by a 100 amp breaker and it passed inspection just fine. The only reas …

This is a common question, search for "how to wire a sub-panel" and you'll get tons of info. In a nutshell, detached structures require local installed (2 ground rods) at the structure. Glad you ran …

Sorry, but the neutral must be the same size as the hots. Ground wires can be down sized, but not the neutral. You'll be installing a sub-panel for the breakers (EV charging, 120v outlets and 120v lig …

"Shorts to ground" can vary immensely: It could be a direct short where a hot was contacting a ground, or it could be leakage current from a somewhat defective appliance, or even just moisture in a f …

Probably...Yes: If the sub-panel is in an attached structure w/the main panel, then simply running the ground is all you need to do. You still have to isolate the neutrals from the ground in the s …

best way would be a sub-panel for greatest flexibility, now and in the future. Obviously it would need to be at least a 30 amp sub, but that's pretty small. I'd double that to 60 amp sub. It's perfe …

I think you already know the answer to this. While panels can be over-subscribed, what you are asking about is just too much. To put those loads on the sub-panel would probably also require upgrading …

I realize this doesn't directly answer your question, but I'd consider swapping your meter base to a class 320 service. That way you can run 2 200 amp panels at full capacity. Class 320 meter bases a …

A 4/0 neutral is very unusual. Almost all services are two 4/0 hots and one 2/0 neutral which is probably why you can't find a bus bar with lugs that fit. That said, since this is a sub-panel, you m …

Its not bad. Not done frequently, but it's OK. You'll want to label the cover 120v only, so if anyone else works on it or you sell, they'll know. Assuming the barn is a detached structure, you'll need …

It would be dumb to do that, I'm only mentioning that because many times people want a large subpanel for breaker space but not incur the cost of the size of wire to supply it at its rated capacity. …

This falls into the NEC category of "tap rules". Google it. It's very specific but would be code compliant in your situation. In a nutshell: You can have a tap, but it really needs to be compliant. …

If your service cable is AL, then you need noalox goop on all the AL connections. You could pig tail the #4 to #6 (with goop) and then to the ground bar, but wouldn't it be easier just to get a ground …

Breaker in sub panel isn't important just so it's rated at least the capacity of the feed. What's important is the rating of the breaker in your main panel FEEDING the sub-panel and that it's not ove …

Interesting approach you took... most people would just reference an ampacity chart, many are available on the net. Also most people worry too much about voltage drop. In your shop, it's very unlikel …