Yeah that's... really odd. Instead of a P-trap you've got something closer to an S-trap there.
The first thing to check on this would be slope. From the drain in the picture, you need about 1/4" (about 6mm) slope. It's hard to tell if that pipe slopes at all.
As to the drain clogging, someone realized this is a janky setup and at least did one thing smart: it looks like there's a cleanout at the bottom of the trap. A normal P-trap is designed to catch as little sediment inside as possible. This weird S-trap will catch a ton of sediment because the water has to turn 90 degrees at first (so you lose any gravity-assisted momentum), flow down the trap, then back up almost the same distance before hitting the drain line. Anything solid is likely to get caught there. You'll have to open the cleanout on a regular basis to make sure it doesn't get clogged (and it will be full of water which will make a mess, and it's up against the wall, which is probably drywall, making it worse).
If I had to guess, I'd say this setup was designed to maximize under-sink space at the cost of drain flow. If there's any way to replace this with a normal P-trap, I would do so.
The good news on the bottom picture is you're using what looks to be flexible plastic pipe. I don't see any extreme forces on the pipe so I wouldn't worry about it.