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I have a can light (recessed light) that I need to convert to hanging a pendant light. The conversion kits have you plug into the socket, and I am hanging a dimmable LED fixture with a wall dimmer instead of a switch.
Is there any issue with it being dimmable since you're not directly wiring it to the switch? i.e. wiring to the socket adapter -> screwing into the original can light socket.
Here is the socket: 
I recently did the exact same thing you're evaluating. We used a conversion kit to install a pendant light above our sink where there was previously a recessed light. As far as dimmability goes, that's mostly up to the switch and the bulb you have, i.e. you have to have a dimmer switch and a compatible, dimmable bulb. We went with Leviton in this particular instance, though we have Lutron dimmer switches elsewhere.
One thing we've noticed, since we're dimming a single bulb, is that we have to find a "sweet spot" on the dimmer to prevent flickering in between brightness levels. It's a minor nuisance for the flexibility of adjusting the brightness.
That connection method should have no effect on dimmability - I've used dozens of replacement can lights that use such an adapter on dimmers, and they work fine.
The more common problem I've experienced with dimming a single fixture with LEDs is that many of the LED-compatible dimmers have a minimum wattage as well as a maximum wattage that they will dim on LEDs, and a single bulb may not draw enough current to meet that minimum.
