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First of all sorry for my English. I've built a playhouse for my kids:

house

I've painted it using this:

paint

The construction took me maybe more than 3 months (this was my first attempt to cut a wood and build something with it) and many times it rained before I could able to paint. However there was nothing wrong about the floor, before its being painted. I've waited for a moment that at least 4-5 days it didn't rain and feel confident enough that its dry enough to start painting. After ~1 week I've painted, the rains start again; and after a while I've realized that the floor was swollen like this:

s1.jpg s2.jpg

I was thinking that the paint would seal the wood from water, so there would be no such problems. Actually I have no idea why this happened. I'm not sure the wood is wet or not, and this problem is because of being wet.

The floor has two layers. The upper layer is molded board (as seen in the picture) of about 1 cm thickness. The lower layer consist of boards of 2cm x 20cm x with of the entire floor. And this lower layer boards have a 0.5-1 cm space between them and they are sided perpendicular to the upper layer. I mean they are not on the same direction. So I don't expect this problem is caused because of the lower layer. Also I saw no problem when I look from the bottom.

The upper, swollen floor layer has been screwed on every beam. This picture shows the places of the beams (the view direction is from ground to the sky)

ground

My questions:

  • What might be the reason for this. Can it be the paint? Should I had used a varnish?

  • Is there a way to fix it? I've tried to put some screws on the
    swollen parts, but it did not help at all. I'm 130 kg and the swollen parts are not effected when I jump on them.

Edit

Layers: Layers Bottom View - The two layers are screwed to every beam shown in this photo: Bottom View The problem: The Problem The upper layer boards are like these: enter image description here

I hope its more clear with these photos.

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    subfloor framing seems to run the wrong direction - I suspect your illustration is wrong.
    – Jasen
    Commented Nov 24, 2018 at 22:24
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    It is not the finish, I suspect it is how thin the upper layer is and how often and where it is fastened. The upper layer, running paralel with the support beams, and you have it fastened at the support beams, is it fastened to the 2cmX20cm between the beams?
    – Jack
    Commented Nov 25, 2018 at 5:44
  • Sorry for my bad English; tomorrow I'll add new photos to describe the situation better. The 1st layer's boards (2x20xWidth of the whole basement) are perpendicular to the beams and the 2nd (the upper problem layer) is on the same direction with the beams. They all screwed on the beams.
    – Koray
    Commented Nov 26, 2018 at 8:28
  • @Jasen the illustration is about the same as the result. It is my English that is wrong I guess :) I'll put some new photos soon, thank you..
    – Koray
    Commented Nov 26, 2018 at 8:29
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    It looks like the buckling was caused from wet wood. We see this on flooring when the humidity changes the wood expands and needs a place to expand. You may be able to dry it out but if it gets wet again it will bulge or buckel, this area looks to be somewhat exposed to the weather so I would pull the screws and reset the planks with a little space, also a slight cut out at the wall. Since your boards are beveled a slight spacing should not look bad.
    – Ed Beal
    Commented Nov 27, 2018 at 17:20

2 Answers 2

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Bryce's answer is correct (and got my vote)- wood will swell along its width so you need to leave some gap to allow for it. However, I feel that it's not quite complete.

You mention that you put down 2 layers of flooring and that they run perpendicular to each other. That means the bottom layer is expanding East to West, while the top layer is expanding North to South. This is a recipe for early failure. If you're going to do this (and based on the thickness thinness of the siding material you're using as a floor, you should), you need to attach each layer with screws (or nails) through pre-drilled slots not holes, and they need to be screwed down loosely. The slight bit of looseness (drive the screw just snug, then back it off 1/8 to 1/4 turn, or leave the nail head just proud of the surface of the wood) will allow each layer of boards to move in relation to each other (and the support beams) and the slot will give it room to do so without tearing fibers.


Additionally, according to the picture you posted, you didn't "paint" the wood. The product you used is "stain". A stain will only add color to wood, it will do nothing (OK, very little) to protect it from water.

Actual paint will do much more to protect it from water penetration, but even then, you'd have to paint all 6 sides of every board to have reasonably complete protection. Many houses have wood siding that is painted and it does a good job of protecting the wood for a number of years until the paint starts to fail.

Boats have been made from wood for centuries, and for the last one or two (centuries) they've been protected by "marine" or "spar" varnish. That's about the only thing that will keep the moisture totally out of your wood. Even with this, though, the wood will still move on you a little bit. I don't think spar varnish is necessary for your project, but it will do a better job of protecting it from water damage and will likely make the wood last much longer.

Whatever coating you use will require maintenance every couple of years depending on where the wood is (floors & railings will take more wear than railing spindles) and what your weather is like. Just give it a good review each year to ensure that all is still good, and fix up areas that need it.


All that said, congrats! This was a hugely ambitious first wood-working project to take on and, all things considered, it looks like you've done a fine job of it. Some small fixes (and regular maintenance) and your kids should enjoy it for many years to come, and your grandkids should too.

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  • Thank you (and @Bryce ) very much for the valuable information. I was thinking using 2 layers for the floor and putting them perpendicular to each other was a great idea. I wish I had spent more time on learning these before making it. I was going to use a marine varnish but my wife didn't let me. She said its not good for health of the children. I have no idea if its right or wrong, but couldn't argue with her :)
    – Koray
    Commented Nov 29, 2018 at 8:00
  • Your last paragraph made me feel so very happy.. :) Thank you.
    – Koray
    Commented Nov 29, 2018 at 14:50
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    @Koray once it's dry, I don't believe there would be any issues from a coat of spar varnish. If, perhaps, you cut a flake of it off and ate it, it might not go down (or come out) very comfortably, but I don't think there'd be any adverse health benefit beyond that. You should search here and on the web in general to confirm that - don't take my word for it.
    – FreeMan
    Commented Nov 29, 2018 at 15:46
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    Also, take into consideration Kevin's comment on Bryce's answer. He makes a valuable point.
    – FreeMan
    Commented Nov 29, 2018 at 15:47
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Your floor is set too tight. The manufacturer's instructions will have specified a gap--- perhaps 1/2" to 1/4" at the edge of each run. As the wood accepts and releases moisture it will expand and contract.

Next time, finish the boards before you install them, and leave gaps based on the type of floor board used.

You can probably remove all those boards, discard the worst of them, then re-set them in there expanded state, and be fine. For the exterior deck area, use boards without an overlapping groove, and leave enough space for water to drain off each board. Probably use a single layer, not two, exterior.

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  • "finish the boards before you install them" - do you mean, paint the boards before installing?
    – Koray
    Commented Nov 28, 2018 at 14:03
  • I've added another photo that shows the type of boards that I've used for the upper layer. I cannot imagine how I could put a gap between them. They hardly fit together, I had to use some force to get them fit. Most of the boards are under the house, I mean, I cannot remove them without removing the house :(
    – Koray
    Commented Nov 28, 2018 at 14:14
  • And why not two layers? It was only to make it more strong, since 1-1.5cm of the upper layer is a little bit too thin for my weight.
    – Koray
    Commented Nov 28, 2018 at 14:16
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    You don't want two layers because it gives water no way to drain; you're inviting all sorts of problems, especially if you live in a place where you'll have freezing weather. You really need to think of what you're building as a deck, not a house, and make your material/design decisions based off of that. Commented Nov 28, 2018 at 14:54

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