Your 50A breaker is unsafe with 30A tools. Just imagine something heavy and sharp falls and damages that #12 awg cord on a 30A circuit or a compressor motor locks up and 100A flows on that cord. How long before the insulation on that cord melts? If that breaker is within NEMA specs it could hold that load for over 90 seconds.
And NEMA 10 receptacles are only legal for use in existing installations for dryers and ranges when no equipment ground exists, no other application. You could argue that it doesn't really matter what the Code says, the wire you are using presumably as a isolated ground doesn't care what color the insulation is, but I wouldn't argue that with an insurance company lawyer.
Bottom line is you basically have three options:
Change the receptacle to a NEMA 14-50 or 6-50 and only use equipment designed for 50A protection,
Change the breaker to 30A and you can install multiple 14-30 and 6-30 receptacles using at least #10 wire as needed, or
Keep the 50A breaker (or change to 60A), install a (minimum) 60A rated panel in the garage, and distribute 15, 20, and 30 amp circuits with properly sized wire and receptacles as needed. #6 NM-B is only good for 55A, but that isn't a recognized standard breaker size and you are allowed round up to the next size larger.